导读:中世纪的时候，很多教堂的墙壁上都有木质的圆桶，用来收集贫穷母亲的弃婴。这种传统沿袭至今，却引来西方社会巨大争议。
Russia is moving towards banning "baby boxes" - the hatches introduced in many countries where desperate mothers can safely abandon an unwanted infant.
俄罗斯正在逐步禁止“弃婴箱”-这种被引入很多国家的舱口,可以让绝望的母亲，安全地遗弃不想要的婴儿。
But there has been sharp criticism of the ban proposed by senator Elena Mizulina and backed by the government.
但是对这项由Elena Mizulina议员建议，政府支持的禁令，一直存在尖锐的批评声。
Some warn that a ban will mean more dead babies left in woods or at rubbish dumps. Russia has about 20 of the boxes, where a mother can anonymously leave a baby at a maternity unit.
一些人警告，禁令意味着更多的死婴会被遗弃在树林和垃圾箱里。俄罗斯大约拥有20个弃婴箱，母亲可以匿名将婴儿留在妇产科。
A UN committee has condemned the boxes.
一名联合国委员会成员谴责了这种箱子。
In a report on Russia in 2014, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child urged Russia to "undertake all the measures necessary to not allow baby boxes and to promote alternatives".
2014年俄罗斯的一份报告显示，联合国委员会儿童权利部敦促俄罗斯“采取一切的必要手段禁止弃婴箱，促进其他手段”。
The Russian state, it said, should "address the root causes that lead to the abandonment of infants, including by providing family planning services and adequate counselling and social support for unplanned pregnancies".
俄罗斯称，应该“从根本上解决导致弃婴的主要原因，包括提供家庭计划服务和充分的咨询，为意外怀孕提供社会支持”。
The draft law - yet to be debated in parliament - would not only ban the boxes but also impose a fine of up to 5m roubles (?60,81560,815 pounds; $79,000) for installing such a box. An organisation breaking the ban could be shut down for three months.
目前在议会中仍然存在争议的法律草案，不仅会禁止弃婴箱，还会针对安装弃婴箱进行500万卢比的罚款。违反禁令的组织将在三个月内关门。
Russia’s popular daily Komsomolskaya Pravda says (in Russian) that since the boxes first appeared in Russia in 2011 they have saved the lives of about 50 unwanted babies.
风靡俄罗斯的日报《共青团真理报》称，自从俄罗斯2011年第一次引入弃婴箱以来，拯救了大约50名弃婴的生命。
Ms Mizulina however argued that the boxes’ existence encouraged struggling mothers to abandon their babies and risked fuelling the criminal trade in babies.
然而，Mizulina小姐争议道，箱子的存在会鼓励挣扎的母亲遗弃自己的孩子，助推婴儿犯罪贸易。
The row about baby boxes coincides with a campaign to restrict abortion rights in Russia. An anti-abortion petition signed by the head of the Russian Orthodox Church, Patriarch Kirill, calls for abortions to be removed from the national health insurance system.
关于弃婴箱的争论和俄罗斯内部限制流产权的活动一致。一项由俄罗斯东正教主教长祈伟义为首签署的反流产请愿书，呼吁从国家健康保险系统中取消流产。
A leading Russian gynaecologist, Lyubov Yerofeeva, told BBC Russian that the anti-abortion initiative would pose a health risk to women who could not afford private fees. Some 90% of abortions in Russia are carried out in state clinics, "which shows that our women don’t have the money for it", she said.
一名俄罗斯妇产科领导人物Lyubov Yerofeeva告诉BBC俄国分社：“反流产倡议会对无法支付私人医院费用的妇女造成健康风险。俄罗斯90%的流产都是在公立医院进行的，这说明我们的妇女没有钱去流产。”
Baby boxes are also controversial in some other countries where they have been introduced. Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Canada, the US and Japan are just some of the countries that have them.
弃婴箱在被引入的部分国家也存在争议，比如德国，瑞士，意大利，加拿大，美国和日本。
