the chinese imperial examination system

The imperial civil examination system that had been in the Chinese history for 1300 years perhaps had its own reason to exist, rational element or rational core.

科举制度之所以在中国历史上存在1300年之久，定有其存在的理由，亦即合理成分或者合理内核。

American protestant missionaries in China in the late Qing Dynasty paid much attention to Chinese imperial examination system, delivering speech of introduction and comments.

晚清时期来华美国新教传教士十分关注中国科举制度，并发表了不少介绍、评论科举制度的言论。