Smoking-alcohol abuse

These are risks like HIV infection, malnutrition, diabetes, smoking, alcohol and substance abuse, indoor air pollution and, above all, limited access to basic care for the poorest people.

首先，最贫困人口获得基本医疗服务的机会有限，其它风险是：艾滋病毒感染，营养不良，糖尿病，吸烟，酗酒，吸毒，室内空气污染等。

Smoking increases the risk of cancer for those in the vicinity of the smoker; alcohol abuse and gambling are strongly associated with violence and family breakdown.

吸烟增加了吸二手烟人群患癌症的风险；酗酒和赌博同暴力行为和家庭破裂紧密相关。

Cancer of the oesophagus is linked especially to smoking and alcohol abuse but hot beverages have also been considered a risk factor, possibly because of damage to throat tissue.

食管癌被认为特别是和吸烟和酗酒联系在一起的，但是，热的饮料也已经被思考成为其患病的因素之一，其原因可能是在于它对于咽喉组织的伤害吧。